reduces structure transfer

Oct 13, 2025 by pinkandtrash.com 5 views

Introduction

In the design and construction of earthquake-resistant buildings, the response modification factor (R) plays a crucial role in reducing the planned earthquake strength, making the building more economical. This factor aims to take into account the ability of the structure in absorbing earthquake energy without significant damage. The transfer factor (CD) is another important parameter that affects the structural behavior of buildings during earthquakes. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effect of the number of bays on the response modification factor (R) and the transfer factor (CD) in the structure of reinforced concrete frames with special moments.

Background

The response modification factor (R) is a parameter used to reduce the seismic design forces in buildings, making them more economical. The transfer factor (CD) is a parameter that affects the structural behavior of buildings during earthquakes. The Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 1726:2012 provides guidelines for the design and construction of earthquake-resistant buildings. However, the effect of the number of bays on the response modification factor (R) and the transfer factor (CD) is not well understood.

Research Methodology

This study uses six models of building concrete structures for special moment "open frames" with 6 levels and variations in the number of bays in the direction of X. The number of bays in the direction of Y remains 3, while the direction of X varies from 1 bay to 6 bays. To analyze the structural behavior, non-linear static analysis (pushover) is used. This method illustrates the relationship between the basic shear force to the transfer of the reference point on the roof, which produces a capacity curve to determine the value of R and CD.

Results and Analysis

The results of the analysis show that the value of the response modification factor (R) in the six structural models, based on FEMA 356 and ATC-19, is smaller than the reference value of SNI 1726:2012 at 8 for the direction of X and Y. Meanwhile, the CD value in the direction of X and Y in the six structural models has a smaller value than the SNI 1726:2012 reference value of 5.5.

Interpretation of Results

The results of this study indicate that the number of bays in buildings has a significant effect on the value of R and CD. The R value that is smaller than SNI 1726:2012, both based on FEMA 356 and ATC-19, shows that structures with a higher number of bays have the ability to absorb higher earthquake energy compared to structures with a smaller number of bays. The CD value that is smaller than SNI 1726:2012 Standard shows that structures with a higher number of bays have a smaller displacement compared to structures with fewer bay numbers.

Conclusion

Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the increase in the number of bays in the structure of reinforced concrete frames with special moments increases the ability of structures in absorbing earthquake energy and reduces structure transfer during earthquakes. This can provide important implications in planning an earthquake-resistant structure.

Recommendation

It is necessary to do further research with other parameter variations, such as building height, type of material, and structural systems, to get a more comprehensive understanding of the effect of the number of bays on structural behavior.
The results of this study can be used as a basis for determining the more accurate and representative R and CD values for structures with different bay numbers.

Limitations of the Study

It is essential to note that the results of this study only apply to structures with certain configurations. The use of the results of this study in structures with different configurations needs to consider differences in structural characteristics.

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed to investigate the effect of other parameters on the response modification factor (R) and the transfer factor (CD) in reinforced concrete frames with special moments. This includes the effect of building height, type of material, and structural systems on the response modification factor (R) and the transfer factor (CD).

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study has evaluated the effect of the number of bays on the response modification factor (R) and the transfer factor (CD) in the structure of reinforced concrete frames with special moments. The results of this study indicate that the number of bays has a significant effect on the value of R and CD. The increase in the number of bays in the structure of reinforced concrete frames with special moments increases the ability of structures in absorbing earthquake energy and reduces structure transfer during earthquakes. This can provide important implications in planning an earthquake-resistant structure.

Q: What is the response modification factor (R) and why is it important in earthquake-resistant building design?

A: The response modification factor (R) is a parameter used to reduce the seismic design forces in buildings, making them more economical. It aims to take into account the ability of the structure in absorbing earthquake energy without significant damage. The R value is crucial in earthquake-resistant building design as it affects the structural behavior of buildings during earthquakes.

Q: What is the transfer factor (CD) and how does it relate to earthquake-resistant building design?

A: The transfer factor (CD) is a parameter that affects the structural behavior of buildings during earthquakes. It is related to the displacement of the structure during an earthquake. A smaller CD value indicates that the structure has a smaller displacement, which is desirable in earthquake-resistant building design.

Q: What is the significance of the number of bays in the structure of reinforced concrete frames with special moments?

A: The number of bays in the structure of reinforced concrete frames with special moments has a significant effect on the response modification factor (R) and the transfer factor (CD). An increase in the number of bays can increase the ability of the structure to absorb earthquake energy and reduce structure transfer during earthquakes.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The results of this study only apply to structures with certain configurations. The use of the results of this study in structures with different configurations needs to consider differences in structural characteristics.

Q: What are the implications of this study for earthquake-resistant building design?

A: The results of this study can provide important implications for earthquake-resistant building design. The increase in the number of bays in the structure of reinforced concrete frames with special moments can increase the ability of structures to absorb earthquake energy and reduce structure transfer during earthquakes.

Q: What are the future research directions for this study?

A: Further research is needed to investigate the effect of other parameters on the response modification factor (R) and the transfer factor (CD) in reinforced concrete frames with special moments. This includes the effect of building height, type of material, and structural systems on the response modification factor (R) and the transfer factor (CD).

Q: How can the results of this study be used in practice?

A: The results of this study can be used as a basis for determining the more accurate and representative R and CD values for structures with different bay numbers. This can help engineers and architects design more earthquake-resistant buildings.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study in the field of earthquake engineering?

A: The results of this study can be applied in the field of earthquake engineering to design more earthquake-resistant buildings. The study can also be used to develop new design guidelines and standards for earthquake-resistant building design.

Q: What are the potential benefits of this study for the construction industry?

A: The results of this study can provide important benefits for the construction industry. The study can help reduce the risk of damage to buildings during earthquakes and reduce the cost of construction by designing more earthquake-resistant buildings.

Q: What are the potential limitations of this study for the construction industry?

A: The results of this study may not be applicable to all types of buildings or structures. The study may also require further research to confirm its findings and develop new design guidelines and standards for earthquake-resistant building design.